Computer keyboards are classified into several types based on their design, underlying technology, and specific use cases:

1. QWERTY Keyboard

The most common standard layout is used globally. It is named after the first six letters on the top row of keys. This layout is designed for general typing and includes alphanumeric keys, function keys, and navigation keys.

2. Mechanical Keyboard

These keyboards feature individual physical switches under every key. They are known for their durability and distinct tactile feedback (often a "clicky" sound). They are highly favored by gamers and professional writers for their responsiveness.

3. Membrane Keyboard

Instead of individual switches, these use a pressure-sensitive silicone or rubber layer. They are generally quieter, lighter, and more affordable than mechanical keyboards, though they offer less tactile feedback.

4. Ergonomic Keyboard

Designed to reduce strain on the hands and wrists during long typing sessions. These often have a split or curved V-shape layout to allow the user's hands to rest in a more natural position.

5. Gaming Keyboard

Specifically built for performance, these often include "anti-ghosting" features, RGB backlighting, and programmable macro keys that allow users to perform complex actions with a single press.

6. Wireless and Virtual Keyboards

Wireless: Connects via Bluetooth or a USB receiver, reducing cable clutter on a desk.

Virtual: A software-based keyboard projected on a touch screen (like on smartphones) or via a laser onto a flat surface.